ABSTRACT
Background: Computer Related Musculoskeletal disorders and Vision Syndrome (CRMSKVS) is defined as symptoms due to prolonged use of Visual Display Terminal (VDT).Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was done among office-workers working on computer terminal. A self-reported questionnaire was distributed and Musculoskeletal (MSK) and visual symptoms in the preceding 12 months (01 October 2017 to 30 September 2018) were taken as dependent variable. Multivariate analysis was done to identify the determinants of CRMSKVS.Results: Responses from 1193 subjects were included in the study. CRMSKVS was present in 489 cases (40.98%; males - 37.5%, females - 58.29%). The main MSK symptoms were pain/stiffness in neck (40.98%), shoulder (38.99%), lower back (35.6%) and elbow/wrist/hand/fingers (23.1%). The ocular symptoms were excessive watering (39.6%), pain (24.99), irritation (18.6%), burning/itching sensation (29.8%), redness (40.7%), blurring of vision (13.2%) and headache (40.9%). Female gender (OR-1.498(1.262-1.778)), long duration of working hours (OR-2.77(2.399-3.214)), poor break duration (OR-2.59(2.172-3.089)), excessive smart phone use (OR-2.071(1.834-2.338)), poor posture (OR-3.883(3.282-4.592)), inappropriate distance of computer screen (OR-2.173(1.829-2.582)), low height of screen (OR-1.936(1.527-2.454)), distance of keyboard (OR-3.161(2.528-3.953)) and distance of mouse (OR-5.785(3.932-8.512)) were identified as significant determinants of CRMSKVS.Conclusions: CRMSKVS is an emerging pandemic which needs urgent attention by medical and administrative authorities. The device factors, personal factors, environmental and ergonomic factors are the modifiable risk factors for CRMSKVS.
ABSTRACT
Introduction:Plantar fasciitis (PF) is treated by corticosteroid injection using ultrasound-guidance (US) or palpation-guided. Our study aims to compare the efficacy and outcome parameters of the two modalities. Methods:208 patients of PF were randomly allocated in two groups, group A (US-guidance) and group B (palpation-guided) while treating them with corticosteroid injection. Pain, plantar fascia thickness (PFT) and heel pad thickness (HPT) were measured and analysed during follow-up. Results:Statistically significant improvement in pain score and decrease in PFT was recorded in both groups which was more in US-guided group, while no difference was noted in HPT. Decrease in pain significantly correlated to decrease in PFTbut had no correlations with decrease in HPT. Conclusion:US-guided injection is better than palpation-guided injection providing greater relief in pain and normalization of PFT as it enhances the accuracy of injection site by precise localization of the plantar fascia and guided needle placement during injection. It also aids in diagnosis and plays an important role in prognosis of PF.